The European Occupation of the Middle East Literature review

The European Occupation of the Middle East - Literature review Example The problems which had begun with the European occupation continued to increase after independence to such an extent that they led to the Arab Spring between 2011 and 2012. Despite the fact that these countries were given independence, the western powers have continued to exert their influence on the region to such an extent that they have come to inspire the hostility of the Middle Eastern population. During the European occupation of the Middle East, the population in the occupied territories was denied any political freedoms. They could not directly elect their representatives, and where they were allowed to do so, these representatives did not have enough power to effectively represent their people. Many in the Middle East, therefore, agitated for the independence of their countries in order to regain the political freedoms that they had lost. They felt that it was their right to have self-determination, and not have their future decided for them by the European colonial powers. When the occupied territories in the Middle East were finally given independence, there was a high expectation among the populace that it was the start of a new age of freedoms (Cleveland 2010, p.408). This, however, turned out not to be the case because the governments which came to power tended to be autocratic which worked towards further denying their people their basic freedoms so that they could remain in power. The failure to deliver on their promises at independence led to their lack of legitimacy among the populace and the only way that they could legitimately remain in power was through the use of force. The vast oil reserves that were discovered in the Middle Eastern countries were used by these regimes to gain the necessary financial power to retain their authority (Cleveland 2010, p.514). It is the lack of political freedom in their countries which led the populations of various Middle Eastern nations to recently stage demonstrations against their governments, and it is these demonstrations, and at times military conflict, which came to be termed as the Arab Spring. One of the means through which the European powers established their dominance in the region was the favoring of the Christian population over the Muslim one. Since the European powers were Christian, they chose to strengthen the influence of their fellow Christians in the Middle East as well as to protect them from what they perceived to be a threat from the Muslim population.

Sport Effect on Teens Essay Example for Free

Sport Effect on Teens Essay Sports serve more than just a physical purpose such as teaching teamwork. Even individual sports such as wrestling, foster team environment in which teens can challenge themselves supports each other and cheer each other. Sports are alsoprovides additional role models and positive adult influence in the teens lives through coaches and the athletic administration staffs. The more adults a teen has to turn to, the more likely he is to go to someone when he faces challenges. Sports are away kids get introduced to different physical activities. Sports help kid learn skills, including how to dribble a basketball, kick a soccer ball or leap over a hurdle. It takes discipline and hard work. Also, involvements in sports can introduce your kids a new group of kid who have atleast one common interest. Sports require a lot of Teens time as most teams practice or have competitions several days per week during season she isn’t practicing or competing, most likely studying to stay eligible, eating or sleeping. Teens who participate in sports through their school are governed by state rules and regulations, as well as school rules they must follow eligible. This typically consists of a maximum grade point average, not failing any classes and being held to a higher standard for citizenship with in their school and community . Students tend to work harder to maintain eligibility when playing sports, which result in accountability and pride. Teens also, who participate in sports have fewer drop out of pregnancies. The reason are debatable, but most people feel that being a part of a team and activities keep teens out of trouble because they want to be a part of a group, any group ,and the old saying that idle hands are the devils instruments are at least partially true. Another reason why does participation in sports keep teens out of trouble because teens have too much fun doing their favorite sport to be causing trouble . They’re interested in if they are going to win or not if the coach is going to make them captain . Whatever it is, they are more worried about their sports and having fun rather than doing dumb stuff and worrying their parents. Sport also keep teens out of trouble because it’s when they’re bored out of their minds, that they look into other avenues for excitement . They find there is nothing afire publicly. So they go for the thrill of what has never been tried before. You and I both know it all been tried but they think they can do it. In the end they can’t get away with it. It’s all been done and it can’t be done legally. Participation in sports can help keep teens out of trouble, though it’s not guaranteed. Teens who participate in sports tend to have less time to get into trouble. In better physical shape than their sedentary peers, they tend to pay more attention to nutrition than kids who don’t play sports. Teen athletes also tend to do better academically and may get a boost in self-esteem compared to their peers who do not participate in sports. Participating in sports is good it can enhance our skills . Don’t ignore when it comes to sports because it’s useful for us and we can enjoy our life even though we can cause a trouble and Sports can save you from a life of crime or a life on the streets. Just by being part of something that’s bigger than you can help you change your life around for the better. Being part of a team is like being part of a family. You watch out for one another and support one another. If you’re not playing sports, you may want to consider it. Unfortunately, most schools are cutting extracurricular activities such as football, volleyball, baseball, track, softball, rugby, archery, basketball, and other sports programs. Playing sports is good for your mind, body, and soul. You’ll get fresh air if you play an outdoor sport. You’ll strengthen your bones and muscles. Your mind will be getting exercise as well because you’ll have to remember game plays and terminology. Your soul will be cleansed because you’ll be doing something you love and be part of a team. It’s all good! In conclusion, I agree that participating in sports keep teens out of trouble first they want to be a part of a group, any group ,and the old saying that idle hands are the devils instruments are at least partially true then teens have too much fun doing their favorite sport to be causing trouble. Games can cause trouble but be sports. Everything happens for a reason. I’m used to it, I prepare for it. Like I say, at the end of the day, those in charge of their own destiny are going to do what’s rights for them and their family.

Salvador Luria :: essays research papers

Salvador Luria   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salvador Luria was one of the founders of microbiology, as we know it. He emigrated from here from his native country of Italy in 1940. His work in the United States is his best known. His work on bacteriophage (bacterial virus) here brought up many new topics in bacteriology, biochemistry, and virology.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Born in 1912 in Turin, Italy Salvador Luria was born to David Luria and Ester Sacerdote. His father was a well-respected Jewish leader in his hometown. Salvador attended Liceo d’Azeglio high school. This was one of Northern Italy’s most highly recognized schools. After he finished high school he enrolled in medical school at the University of Turin. In medical school he studied with nerve tissue expert Giuseppe Levi. He met Ugo Fano who later taught him calculus and physics in an after school class using astronomy as a base.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The influence that Fano had on Salvador was so great that he decided to pursue basic sciences. He decided to go with Radiology, he believed this was the gap between physics and medicine. He received his medical degree in 1935. Although he had received his degree he was not happy. He believed Radiology was the most boring part of the medical world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salvador was drafted into the Italian Army as a medic. This proved he was not made for a medical career. He was discharged in 1937 and moved to Rome. In Rome he study at the Physics Institute of the University of Rome. He was shown the writings of Max Delbruck, who had boldly stated a gene, was a molecule. Salvador later said that Max’s writings were the â€Å"Holy Grail of biophysics.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While living in an old broken down trolley car in the streets of Rome Salvador started a conversation with a microbiologist by the name of Geo Rita. Geo introduced him to bacteriophage, Salvador believed he could prove Max’s theory. He fled Europe in 1940 when the Nazi war machine was an approaching. He acquired an American visa and came to the United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once he arrived in the United States he got a position at Columbia University. He got a hold of Delbruck and Delbruck agreed to help him in his experiments. They spent the summer of ’41 in Columbia University’s Biological Laboratory. Here Salvador rejoined his old friend Ugo Fano. In 1942-1943 he continued his bacteriophage studies. He was trying to prove the process or processes that caused bacteria mutation.

Directed Writing †Welcoming Speech Essay

You are the school head prefect and your principal is asking you to prepare a welcoming speech in conjunction with the enrolment of 800 new form 1 students to your school Prepare a welcoming speech and use the following points to assist you in the preparation of your speech: *To ensure the discipline of school is strictly adhered to. *Demerit points awarded to students who breach the code of conduct. *Behave properly and talk politely with seniors and other visitors. *Proper attires at all times,no punk hair/coloured hair. *Get active and enrol in club and socities activities *Strictly no celullar phones. *Maintain and uphold the school acdemic achievements Your speech must follow the proper format. Higher marks awarded on language,presentation and clarity. This text is not edited: You may please identify any grammatical /spelling errors or on ideas and presentation. A very good morning for our beloved principal Mr. Haji Ismail bin Haji Syafiq, respected teachers and all my friends. This morning, I felt very honoured to speak to our junior level 1 about 800 of them. Welcome to SMK Pengkalan Chepa 2, Padang Tembak. You are now members of this school and so it is very important for you to protect the good name of this school. As the Head Prefect of the school, it is my duty and responsibility to ensure that these discipline code are strictly adhered to Firstly , you cannot bring mobile phones, cannot have colored hair, your school uniform must not be tight.The hair should be short and the shoes must be all white.Leather shoes are strictly not allowed except for the prefects where they are allowed to wear black leather shoes.All forms of jewelleries are not allowed to be wear inside the school compound. Remember , If you fail to comply with these regulations,then punishment shall be imposed on you.You will be most likely suspended or expelled from school. The members of this school are encouraged to be polite and well behaved not only among yourselves but also to your seniors in form 2,3,4 and 5.In addition you are also compelled to behave in front of the teachers.If there are visitors such as parents and any officials from any organisation outside there,you are required to wish them and respect them.This is our culture in this school and everybody must behave so that we can uphold the image and reputation of this school. Dear friends, It is also important for you to be enrolled in societies and clubs that we have in this school.We have many of them and some include mathematics,sejarah, english and bahasa melayu.As for the clubs,we have taekwando,silat gayong and chess.You can enrol in clubs and socities that you think,you can carry them until you reach form5. For your information ,this school use demerit points for each offence committed by each student. If the students collect more than 10 demerit points,then the student can be penalized and their parents will be call out. . Remember,. I hope that you all as a new student can uphold the school’s name.

Essay on Stereotypes ††Example Essay

StereoTypes – Introduction Stereotypes are a part of our everyday life. We hear stereotypes every day and everywhere. Sometimes we can find ourselves in a situation where we make stereotypes for a large group of people. Every person, young or old, is labelled with either positive or negative stereotypes. Stereotyping is a way that people group each other. Each group is called by name, that doesnt really fit to everyone in that specific group. Stereotypes affect people’s social lives, emotions, and how people interact with their environment. There are times that you are not so open to the idea of meeting new people, and making new friends. You don’t want to go outside, because we have put our own set of rules in this world. We know that we get criticized about what we wear every single day! We are criticized in which music we listen to, how we look like, how we act, and who we hang out with. We are also criticized on every other personal trait and imperfection we have. We have put the bar way up high, maybe too high for our potentials. Stereotype Essay – What we really know? We cannot afford all the stereotyping that is going on between us. After we come and we say to people to just be who they are. If we say to a person that he or she is a hippie, just from the way they are dressed, that is just totally wrong. Hippie is someone who rejects the culture, not just the one who has long hair and wears beads. We are using the words in the wrong way. There are many people that have no friends, because they are tired of their critique. Leave everything behind and don’t let stereotypes ruin your social life. Stereotypes have an enormous impact of how we feel. That makes people have no motivation; therefore they won’t have good performance at any level in their life.For instance if a kid is stereotyped as black and obese, how can these words make him feel good, so that he/she can move on to the next level This can create psychological pressure. Other people face stereotypes as a threat. For example there is a stereotype that says that women are bad drivers. It puts even more pressure on how they feel, not only being around people who are labelling them, but being around people that they trust. They will try to prove to them that this is just a stereotype and it does not exist. In addition, this occurs in situations where people worry for their performance and how they look like. Besides that people don’t want their poor performance to lead to negative stereotypes.To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayMembers of stereotyped groups worry of what they are doing, and this makes them stressed, because they think that they have to be perfect, in all aspects of their lives! People get tired of being criticized all the time. When there is no one able to close people’s mouths, they start to become isolated. In the same way they don’t talk, because they are afraid to say something wrong, so that they won’t look silly. They are afraid of failure. For example, people seem surprised when they see men cry or being emotional. They think that men are not allowed to express their feelings, or men have no feelings at all. Men are not unconscious, they have feelings, but that is just a stereotype and a generalization from our society. It is easy to see that with are actions and sayings we are trying to kill emotions and thoughts! We should learn how to control our feelings and emotions, instead of letting stereotypes control them. In addition, your surroundings can be affected as well. If you had a bad day because someone just stereotyped you, when you go home or to your friends you are going to be really anxious. In addition you would probably get irritated or feel sad at the same time. You just go to your room or sit alone in a corner. When your loved ones see you like that they are not going to feel any better, because your emotions are now in control, and you just pass them around. In other words you broadcast your feelings to others. Furthermore there are times teachers question their students â€Å"Did I create a good environment, so that you can be able to talk and share ideas with the rest of your class?† Well, sometimes teachers cannot change this situation. The only people that can create a comfortable and happy atmosphere are us – the students. They are many stereotypes going in and out of every classroom. That’s why sometimes students can be afraid to share ideas, because before they were stereotyped as nerds. These days’ people are afraid to be themselves, because they fear other people. They don’t want people to think something bad for them. Secrets, thoughts, and ideas, are all held down. Stereotypes can be an obstacle as to how open you are with people and how you make people feel when you are with them! Conclusion Instead of focusing on all the mistakes of each person, we should start paying more attention of how unique each person is. Stereotype causes people to feel lonely and even sometimes depressed. It’s also harmful for their environment and their social life. We should keep stereotypes out of the picture, even though sometimes we can be victims ourselves. Stop judging people before you even get to know them. You may also like reading Dissertation Examples Methodology Essays – Dissertation ExampleTo modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodaySummary Reviewer Admin – Robert Gil Review Date 2017-06-30 Reviewed Item Essay on StereoTypes – Custom Essay Writing – Free Sample Author Rating 5

3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure

3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure 3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure 3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure By Mark Nichol In each of the following sentences, sentence construction obscures the complementary relationship between parallel phrases. Discussion following each example explains the problem, and revisions illustrate solutions. 1. Follow this step with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and optimal user experience during and post-implementation. The phrase â€Å"during and post-implementation† is treated as if it is an instance of suspensive hyphenation, but the sentence is incomplete with a noun after during: â€Å"Follow this step with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and an optimal user experience during implementation and postimplementation.† However, the prefixed word postimplementation is correct but unwieldy, so simply withhold the repetition and replace the prefix with a free-standing conjunction: â€Å"Follow this step with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and an optimal user experience during and after implementation.† 2. There seems to be an idea that blaming the other side for failure is as good, if not better, than getting something done in a bipartisan way. If a parenthetical phrase has been interjected into a sentence, in its absence, the base sentence must be syntactically valid. Here, the result of a test deletion of â€Å"if not better† is â€Å"There seems to be an idea that blaming the other side for failure is as good than getting something done in a bipartisan way.† Obviously, something is wrong- a repetition of as is necessary, and than belongs in the parenthesis: â€Å"There seems to be an idea that blaming the other side for failure is as good as, if not better than, getting something done in a bipartisan way.† 3. This regulation helps guarantee the financial services industry upholds its obligation to protect consumers and ensure that its systems are sufficiently constructed to prevent cyberattacks to the fullest extent possible. The conjunction that is sometimes unnecessary (â€Å"Do you think it’s required in this sentence?†), but if it employed in a given phrase, it should be included in a complementary phrase in the same sentence, as here: â€Å"This regulation helps guarantee that the financial services industry upholds its obligation to protect consumers and ensure that its systems are sufficiently constructed to prevent cyberattacks to the fullest extent possible.† (Without that in place after guarantee, the reader is initially misled into thinking that the regulation guarantees the industry itself rather than something about the industry.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?Try to vs. Try and20 Movies Based on Shakespeare Plays

Crying Victims Children Of The Imprisoned Mothers Social Work Essay Essays

Crying Victims Children Of The Imprisoned Mothers Social Work Essay Essays Crying Victims Children Of The Imprisoned Mothers Social Work Essay Essay Crying Victims Children Of The Imprisoned Mothers Social Work Essay Essay the chief purpose of moralss in research is to guarantee that research is non used for harmful or evil intents and that no injury comes to anyone while research is carried out. Even though this research is based on secondary research where a thorough literature reexamine shall be done, the research worker commits to the usage these rules: beneficence, regard for individuals and honestness by doing certain that all names are anonymised throughout the research. Honesty is of import when transporting out research. Therefore, she needs to guarantee that all information read remains indifferent and non-judgemental and that anything that would do injury to anyone must be avoided. Furthermore, informed consent should be sought when transporting out any research as it refers to the participants voluntarily holding to take part in research, holding well understood what the research involves ( Haralambos A ; Holborn, 2008 ) . However, since this research will do usage of secondary research methods, informed consent is non needed to finish this research. In add-on, because there are kids involved ; to interview them requires informed consent from their parents which might be hard because of the sensitive issue, confidentiality related to this subject and the protection of these kids as some of them are already affected by the imprisonment of their female parents. Key words Chapter 3 Literature Review The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child ( UNCRC ) declares that the kid, by ground of his physical and mental immatureness, needs particular precautions and attention, including appropriate legal protection, before every bit good as after birth , Article 2.2 further inside informations, States Parties shall take all appropriate steps to guarantee that the kid is protected against all signifiers of favoritism or penalty on the footing of the position, activities, expressed sentiments, or beliefs of the kid s parents, legal defenders, or household members. The Children Act 1989 covers the followers: reforms the jurisprudence associating to kids ; makes proviso for local authorization services for kids in demand and others ; amends the jurisprudence with regard to kids s places, community place, voluntary places and voluntary organisations ; makes proviso with regard to fosterage, kid minding and twenty-four hours attention for immature kids and acceptance and for affiliated intents. ( DfEs Children Act and Reports, 1989 ; 2004 ) . This act is farther polished with Children Act 2004 and provides a wider scheme for bettering kids s lives. The overall purpose is to promote incorporate planning, commissioning and bringing of services every bit good as better multi-disciplinary working, take duplicate, addition answerability and better the coordination of single and joint reviews in local governments. : ( DfEs Children Act and Reports, 1989 ; 2004 ) . The Green Paper, Every Child Matters, outlines the Government s proposals for reforming the bringing of services for kids, immature people and households. It improves on what has already been set out to guarantee the protection of kids at hazard of injury and disregard from negative results and back up all kids in optimising all their endowments and potencies. In the papers for Every Child Matters, Working Together to Safeguard Children ( HM Government, 2006 ) , of import definitions on some concepts on manus were given which included the population of kids of captive female parents who are left to either fend for themselves or be in the detention of authorised defenders: In the Children Acts 1989 and 2004, a kid is anyone who has non yet reached their eighteenth birthday. Children therefore means children and immature people throughout. The fact that a kid has reached 16 old ages of age, is populating independently or is in farther instruction, is a member of the armed forces, is in infirmary, in prison or in a Young Offenders Institution, does non alter his or her position or entitlement to services or protection under the Children Act 1989. ( HM Government, 2006, p.34 ) Safeguarding and advancing the public assistance of kids is defined as protecting kids from ill-treatment ; forestalling damage of kids s wellness or development and guaranting that kids are turning up in fortunes consistent with the proviso of safe and effectual attention ( HM Government, pp. 34-35 ) Child protection is a portion of safeguarding and advancing public assistance. This refers to the activity that is undertaken to protect specific kids who are enduring, or are at hazard of agony, important injury ( HM Government, p. 35 ) . Many bureaus are after safeguarding and advancing the public assistance of kids. Every Child Matters defines such as: protecting kids from ill-treatment ; forestalling damage of kids s wellness or development ; guaranting that kids are turning up in fortunes consistent with the proviso of safe and effectual attention ; and set abouting that function so as to enable those kids to hold optimal life opportunities and to come in maturity successfully. ( HM Government, 2007, p.11 ) General Consequences of Imprisonment of Parents When a parent goes to prison, there are several possible effects on the kids. Bernstein ( 2005 ) enumerates post-traumatic emphasis upset, anxiousness, jobs with attending or concentration, alteration in kiping forms, changeless flashbacks of the apprehension, hovering corsets between different health professionals, school jobs and poorness. If these kids do non acquire the appropriate support they need, so the enormous grade left on them by the imprisonment of their parent can acquire worse, making more harm and doing it more hard for them to acquire by ( Robertson, 2007 ) . Simmons ( 2003 ) explains that the long-run impact is more serious if it is the female parent, alternatively of the male parent who is arrested. The break in the kids s lives is higher particularly since she is most likely the primary or even exclusive carer. The kids need to hold person else to take attention of them, possibly move places, and along with that, they leave their schooling and friends behind. Some siblings even get separated and are assigned to different carers or defenders. If they are sent to be cared for by their grandparents, these carers may be excessively old or ill to take attention of them and they may non hold the available resources to back up the kids s demands. They may besides be covering with holding a boy or girl in gaol and being burdened to care for the kids he or she has left for them to care for ( Simmons, 2003 ) . Effectss on Children The impact of a parent s captivity can turn out to be lay waste toing on the kids. Their reactions to such traumatic experience may do them much sadness, irritation, anxiousness and a deep sense of loss ( Robertson, 2007 ) . Many writers have found that there are increased hazards to their development ( Dallaire, 2007 ; Myers et al. , 1999 ; Thompson A ; Harm, 2000 ) . Strong negative emotions such as self-blame, rejection, guilt and feelings of misrepresentation may take to instability and insecurity on the portion of the kids ( Payne, 1997 ; Miller, 2002 ) . If the kids have non been exposed to good function theoretical accounts showing appropriate behaviors, it is likely that after a parent s captivity, negative effects on the kids may come up and bring mayhem in their development. Such effects could be riotous inclinations in school, mental wellness issues, substance abuse, underachievement in school and even condemnable behavior ( Murray and Farrngton, 2008 ) . Broidy et Al. ( 2003 ) point to the separation of the carer, poorness and low academic accomplishment to be the likely causes that lead such kids to develop abnormal psychology and engagement in condemnable behavior ( Sameroff et al. , 2003 ; Centre for Children and Families in the Justice System, 2003 ) . Wright A ; Seymour ( 2000 ) found that parental captivity besides brings about fear, apprehensiveness, melancholy, regressive behavior and physical and wellness jobs to kids. Upon self-contemplation, these kids may besides believe that they have done something incorrect to do their parent to be imprisoned, and such self-blame may lend to their feelings of rage, embarrassment, incrimination and solitariness ( Cunningham, 2001 ) . Such negative effects may emerge due to the several injury experienced by kids related to their parent s imprisonment which may include the painful and sudden separation between parent and kid, the kid s consciousness of their parent s criminalism, the poorness that consequences from being left without a parent deducing income from a occupation, the societal stigma that comes with holding a parent in gaol and the anxiousness experienced at trying to continue their contact with the captive parent ( Murray A ; Farrington, 2008 ) . Not all kids experience the negative impact of their parent s imprisonment. For some, particularly those who have been involved in domestic force or kid maltreatment, it may be a cause of alleviation ( Brown, 2002 ) . If the parent led a disruptive or helter-skelter life due to drug usage, intoxicant maltreatment or engagement in illegal dialogues, so there is more stableness in the kids s lives when the parent is arrested ( Robertson, 2007 ) . If the kid had small contact with the parent prior to the captivity so the impact could be minimum. The reaction to the imprisonment among siblings may besides be different as older kids may experience that they have the added duty of caring for the younger kids so they have to be strong for them while the younger kids may hold trouble in set uping unafraid relationships with others due to their inability to understand what happened to their household. The difference in reactions may besides be due to the different relationships and degree of familiarity shared with the captive parent or merely a difference in the siblings attitudes and personalities ( Robertson, 2007 ) . Consequence of Time of Imprisonment Before Imprisonment: Apprehension: Witnessing a parent being arrested may be one of the most traumatic experiences a kid could hold particularly if the apprehension was hostile. Bernstein ( 2005 ) studies that about 70 % of kids of captive parents in the USA watched their parent being handcuffed and 30 % were confronted with arms. The idea of collaring the suspect in the late eventide or early forenoon when he or she is likely to be place makes it more prone to kids to witness the apprehension since they are besides place with their parents at those times. However, Robertson ( 2007 ) believes that if the apprehension is handled sensitively, sing the feelings of the kids and other household members, so it may ease the hurting and even increase the regard for the functionaries by the kids. For kids who were non cognizant of their parent apprehension are left without clear information about what transpired and may conceive of the worst sing the status of their parents and worry if they will of all time see them once more ( Wolleswinkel, 2002: Children of Prisoners Library, 2003 ) . A great concern is what happens to the kids if they are left on their ain after their parents are arrested. It is the duty of the collaring officer to see the kids s public assistance, like to whom they will be left to be cared for and explicating to them particularly the younger kids what will go on to them and their parents ( Robertson, 2007 ) . This calms everyone s anxiousness as kids and their parents are assured that they will non be left entirely, and the collaring officers gain a more positive image in the eyes of the kids alternatively of being seen as the enemy ( Bernstein, 2005 ; Kingi, 2000 ) . Pre-trial Detention: The period after apprehension and before strong belief is the first clip kids adjust to populating without their parent. It is when they experience troubles due to alterations in their life style such as non holding their parent cook their nutrient or convey them to school. The slow instance processs may lengthen the waiting period impacting both parent and kids adversely. Parents may lose their occupations, thereby losing income for the household and kids become in a province of concern about what will go on to their parents and finally, to them, because of the separation. ( Robertson, 2007 ) . Ongoing probe before concluding strong belief may forestall detainees from holding contact with the outside universe and that includes the detainee s household ( Townhead, 2007 ) . This may impact the keeping of contact between parent and kids impacting their relationship. Trial and Sentencing: Childs have the opportunity to see their parents during the test if they are allowed by the tribunals to be present at that place. If they are non allowed to go to the legal proceedings, it farther adds to their sense of disaffection from what is go oning to their parent. For those who get the opportunity to go to the test, they may happen it hard to grok the instance due to the strangeness of the linguistic communication and procedures used ( Murray, 2007 ) . Expecting the tribunal determination can be particularly nerve-racking for the household because of the uncertainness of what will go on to the parent. Should the parent be found guilty, it may floor the kids and be disillusioned with the fact that separation may be lasting or at the least, prolonged ( Children of Prisoners Library, 2003 ) . During Imprisonment Retaining parent-child relationships: Imprisonment can do the keeping of parent-child relationships really hard due to the care of regular contact. When prison trials are allowed, they are normally brief and the quality of interaction between the parent and kid, inadequate. By this clip, dealingss may be strained due to the stigma and shame associated with holding an captive parent ( Robertson, 2007 ) . Restrictions on direct contact between kids and their captive parent include prison ordinances, distance between the place and the prison installation or the reluctance of one party to see the other. Most of the clip, indirect contact via mail or telephone calls, if available are merely relied upon. Prison ordinances, distances to be travelled, viing demands on household members or unwillingness on the portion of one or other party to run into can forestall or restrict direct contact between kids and their captive parents. Most of the clip, indirect communicating in the signifier of letters and telephone calls ( if available ) must be relied upon. Access to internet communicating is non widely available and some legal powers even ban it for security grounds ( Robertson, 2007 ) . Keeping positive dealingss between kids and their captive parent will depend on the quality of relationship they shared before imprisonment and the present grade of willingness each party has to go on their relationship. Fundss may besides impede such care since household budgets normally shrink when a parent, who is the breadwinner all of a sudden stops working due to imprisonment. There might non be adequate financess for phone calls, gasolene or menu to see the captive parent. In any instance, kids should be consulted as to how much they still want to keep the relationship and to what extent. Their public assistance should be of extreme consideration ( Robertson, 2007 ) . In installations where phone calls are allowed and where captive parents and their kids on a regular basis talk to each other vial calls, positive results are observed. Parents adjust better to prison life and the kids learn to get by better with the separation with more contact with their captive parent ( Murray, 2005 ) . Some prison installations provide livelihood undertakings to parents in prison such as some prisons at San Vittore, Italy. Imprisoned female parents are allowed to do relational objects for their kids to assist them keep the mother-child relationship ( Robertson, 2007 ) . Another survey, conducted by Gabel and Schindledecker ( 1995 ) , demonstrated that the boies of captive parents are more aggressive than other kids. Girls seemingly have more of a leaning to attending shortage jobs ( ibid. ; besides Sack, 1977 ) . The literature besides shows a strong relation between parental absences and future delinquency on kids ( Larzelere A ; Patterson, 1990 ) . Children frequently present emotional and psychological effects of holding a female parent in gaol, such as the injury of separation and stigma ( Seymour, 1998 ; Simmons, 2000 ) . Where the captivity is one of a series of consecutive separation or breaks in the relationship between female parent and kid, nevertheless, and the kid is more accustomed to these, the impact is likely to be much slighter ( Johnston, 1995a ) . Problems with destabilization and break are frequent in kids of incarcerated female parents ( Centre for Children and Families in the Justice System, 2003 ) . Some writers recommend that it is really of import for incarcerated female parents to presume duty of their kids after their release ( Prendergast et al. , 1995 ) . However, this does non ever occur. For case, if the kid has been placed in surrogate attention or province detention, the chance of the female parent demonstrating after release that she is capable of taking attention of the kids is reduced ( Pollock-Byrne, 1992 ) . Resilient Children There are many definitions of resiliency, although all of them portion the thought of a successful version in people who had experienced an inauspicious state of affairs ( Haz et al. , 2003 ) , or the ability to retrieve from hardships ( Newman A ; Blackburn, 2002 ) . These definitions are corroborated by others writers such Masten and co-workers ( 1990 ) , and Luthar and Cicchetti ( 2000 ) . Another definition is given by Garmezy ( 1991, p. 4 ) , which refers to the care of competent working despite an meddlesome emotionalism . Grotberg ( 1996a ) describes resiliency as an ability which allows person to avoid, cut down or get the better of the harmful effects of hardship. Resilience could be found in a human being, society or group. It is non associated merely to a individual hardship, because it can be developed to pull off future hardships better ( Grotberg, 1996b ) . Garmezy ( 1993 ) gives us another definition of resiliency, as the single ability to set decently, positively o r experiencing competent, despite being at serious hazard. Newman and Blackburn ( 2002 ) besides give a definition for resiliency, but for kids. They say that resilient kids are more capable of facing emphasis, of pull offing alteration and indecisiveness, and recover more rapidly and exhaustively from upseting incidents. Initially, the definition of resiliency was merely associated with a individual with a positive accommodation to adverse state of affairss ( Rutter, 1987 ) , but at that clip the definition was besides applied to the household ( Allison et al. , 2003 ; Hanson, 2001 ; McCubbin A ; McCubbin, 1996 ; Walsh, 2002 ) . In resiliency, when the household is confronting a challenge, they have to cover with those jobs and seek to better and hold the capableness to get the better of the crises ( Black A ; Lobo, 2008 ) . Besides the fact of lasting the hardship, the resilient household besides seems to hold a higher chance of developing, increasing and being more capable to work out future inauspicious state of affairss ( Walsh, 1998 ) . Together, they were capable of get the better ofing the job ( Black A ; Lobo, 2008 ) . Black and Lobo ( 2008 ) mentioned that, although there is non any cosmopolitan list of protective and recovery factors, the literature distinguishes some of them as follows: optimistic attitude, spiritualty, household component harmoniousness, flexibleness, communicating, good economic disposal, clip together, common leisure involvements, imposts and wonts, and societal support. Resilience in a household could be reached by flexibleness, common support and counsel, and cooperation ( Walsh, 2002 ) . For a resilient household, it is besides of import to develop support intercessions, such as rearing instruction focused in capableness and job declaration ( Rutter, 1999 ) . Childs who have gone through hardship should be given good societal support ; entire support from at least one parent or replacement ; good experiences at school ; a strong perceptual experience of capacity and assurance ; capacity to assist others ; prosecute in disputing state of affairss in a manner to let them to develop problem-solving, emotional and get bying accomplishments, and other extracurricular activities that allow the kids to develop their capacities and emotional adulthood ( Newman A ; Blackburn, 2002 ) . A dedicated individual outside the household ( ibid. ) and a good societal connexion with, for illustration a instructor, could besides be a good protective factor, particularly for striplings ( Burton A ; Marshall, 2005 ) . Adolescents must be involved in their societies, households and schools in a manner to forestall or even diminish the chance of going involved in condemnable behavior ( Burton A ; Marshall, 2005 ) . However, Burton and Marshall found a strong relationship between prosecuting in featuring activities and engagement in aggressive behavior in immature people. They found that featuring activity is non a protective factor but could so run as a hazard factor ( ibid. ; besides Watkins 2000 ) . Eccles and Barber ( 1999 ) said that extracurricular activities may let the striplings to be involved and occupied in a manner to forestall them from prosecuting in delinquent behavior. However, they besides said it is necessary to stipulate the type of activity. They found that when the extracurricular activity is pro-social, such as volunteering or church, the chance of an adolescent going involved in condemnable behavior is lower. In activities such as athleticss, the chance of developing imbibing jobs is really high ( ibid. ) . Other protective factors could be the accomplishment of respectable societal functions, the aptitude to lend to the family fundss and educational achievement ( Newman A ; Blackburn, 2002 ) . Beam and co-workers ( 2002 ) verified that when the striplings have fondness and support from others, they will be protected from prosecuting in condemnable behavior. Extra defenders include swearing relationships ; good emotional support ( Brooks, 1992 ) ; self-esteem ( Wolin A ; Wolin, 1993 ) ; support for being independent ( Segal A ; Yahras, 1988 ) ; hope ; perceptual experience of being loved ( Mrazek A ; Mrazek, 1987 ) ; school accomplishment ( Wang, Haertel A ; Walberg, 1994 ) ; faith in God ( Garbarino, Kostelny A ; Dubrow, 1993 ) ; and unquestioning love from another individual ( Bronfenbrenner, 1996 ) . Osborn ( 1990 ) added that a female parent with a positive mentality tends to hold more resilient kids, while female parents with negative feelings tend to hold depressed kids. Karp ( 2007 ) noted that when a kid has a parent in gaol, it is of import that instructors and the school societal workers are sensitive to the jobs and to the feelings of the kids, while at same clip being witting of the support that the kids could necessitate. For that ground, schools should hold programmes for the kids that enable them to portion their jobs with other kids and to understand that others have similar jobs ( ibid. ) . Children of incarcerated parents are more vulnerable, particularly the kids of incarcerated female parents who are considered as kids at higher hazard ( National Council on Crime and Delinquency, 2004 ) . Some factors could chair the impact of the parental imprisonment, but the most important forecaster of the manner the kids will set to the separation is the quality of the relationship they had with both parents ( Parke A ; Clark-Stewart, 2002 ) . Another of import factor for a good accommodation is the frequence of contact they have with their captiv e parents ( Parke A ; Clark-Stewart, 2002 ) . Method of Data Analysis Contributions to Literature Review Chapter 4 Analysis and Findingss Chapter 5 Discussion of Findingss Theories associating to this research ( Attachment and societal acquisition theories ) Chapter 6 Deduction for societal work pattern What I have learned from making this research Restriction of the survey Recommendations Decision

Predator Drones and Other Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Predator Drones and Other Unmanned Aerial Vehicles The Predator is a nickname given to one in a series of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or pilotless drones, operated by the Pentagon, the CIA and, increasingly, other agencies of the U.S. federal government such as the border patrol. Combat-ready UAVs are used mostly in the Middle East. The UAVs are equipped with sensitive camera and spying equipment that provides real-time reconnaissance or intelligence. It can be equipped with laser-guided missiles and bombs. The drones are used with increasing frequency in Afghanistan, Pakistans tribal areas and in Iraq. The Predator, officially identified as the Predator MQ-1, was the firstand remains the most commonly usedpilotless drone in combat operations in the Balkans, Southwest Asia, and the Middle East since its first flight in 1995. By 2003, the Pentagon had about 90 UAVs in its arsenal. Its unclear how many UAVs were in the CIAs possession. Many were and still are. The fleets are growing. The Predator itself has already entered the gallery of American lore. Advantages of UAVs Unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs, are smaller than jet aircraft, less expensive, and dont put pilots at risk when they crash. At about $22 million apiece for next-generation UAVs (the so-called Reaper and Sky Warrior), the drones are increasingly a weapon of choice for military planners. The Obama administrations 2010 military budget includes approximately $3.5 billion for UAVs. In comparison, the Pentagon is paying more than $100 million apiece for its next-generation fighter jets, the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (the Pentagon plans to buy 2,443 for $300 billion. While UAVs require considerable ground-based logistical support, they can be piloted by individuals specifically trained to fly UAVs rather than by pilots. Training for UAVs is less expensive and exacting than for jets. Disadvantages of UAVs The Predator has been publicly praised by the Pentagon as a versatile and low-risk means of gathering intelligence and striking targets. But an internal Pentagon report completed in October 2001 concluded that tests conducted in 2000 found that the Predator performed well only in daylight and in clear weather, according to the New York Times. It broke down too often, could not stay over targets as long as expected, often lost communication links in the rain and was hard to operate, the report said. According to the Project on Government Oversight, the Predator cannot be launched in adverse weather, including any visible moisture such as rain, snow, ice, frost or fog; nor can it take off or land in crosswinds of greater than 17 knots. By 2002, more than 40% of the Pentagons original fleet of Predators had crashed or been lost, in more than half those cases due to mechanical failure. The drones cameras are unreliable. Further, PGO concluded, Because it cannot evade radar detection, flies slow, is noisy, and must often hover at relatively low altitudes, the Predator is vulnerable to being shot down by enemy fire. In fact, an estimated 11 of the 25 Predators destroyed in crashes reportedly were caused by enemy ground fire or missiles. The drones do put people on the ground at risk when the planes malfunction and crash, which they do, and when they fire their missiles, often at the wrong targets). UAVs Uses In 2009, Federal Customs and Border Protection launched UAVs from an Air Force base in Fargo, N.D., to patrol the border between the United States and Canada. The first flight of the Predator in Afghanistan took place on Sept. 7, 2000. Several times it had Osama bin Laden in its sights, its weapons ready to fire. Then-CIA Director George Tenet refused to authorize the strikes either for fear of killing civilians or of the political fallout from a missile that didnt hit its target. Various Types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles The Predator B, or MQ-9 Reaper, for example, a turboprop drone built by General Dynamics subsidiary General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc., can fly at 50,000 feet for up to 30 hours on a single fueling (its fuel tanks have a 4,000-lb. capacity). It can cruise at a maximum speed of 240 miles per hour and carry almost 4,000 pounds of laser-guided bombs, missiles, and other ordnance. The Sky Warrior is smaller, with a weapons payload of four Hellfire missiles. It can fly at a maximum of 29,000 feet and at 150 miles per hour, for 30 hours on a single fuel tank. Northrop Grumman is developing the RQ-4 Global Hawk UAV. The plane, which completed its first flight in March 2007, has a wingspan of 116 feet (about half that of a Boeing 747), a payload of 2,000 pounds and can fly at a maximum altitude of 65,000 feet and at more than 300 miles per hour. It can cruise between 24 and 35 hours on one tank of fuel. An earlier version of the Global Hawk was approved for use in Afghanistan as far back as 2001. Insitu Inc., a Boeing subsidiary, also builds UAVs. Its ScanEagle is an extremely small flying machine noted for its stealthiness. It has a wingspan of 10.2 feet and is 4.5 feet long, with a maximum weight of 44 pounds. It can fly at an altitude of up to 19,000 feet for more than 24 hours. Chang Industry, Inc., of La Verne, Calif., markets a five-pound aircraft with a four-foot wing and a unit cost of $5,000.

Spiritual Assessment Tool Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Spiritual Assessment Tool - Research Paper Example This can lead to many doctors not addressing patients’ spiritual needs effectively enough during general consultation and practice, as well as in specific circumstances. To combat this, a number of spiritual assessment tools have sprung up, hoping to bridge the gap between patients and health care providers in this respect. This essay will analyze and evaluate the ease of use and comprehensiveness of data collected of two different spiritual assessment tools, the FICA tool and the HOPE tool. Spiritual assessment tools are simply something that is supposed to aid a health care provider in gathering any information that may make the patient more comfortable, happy and able to recover. They tend to be a guide to the kind of questions a health care provider could be asking, and as such tend to have a somewhat un-methodological approach. Both the FICA and the HOPE tools are pneumonic devices that are supposed to give a health care provider touchstone ideas that they should inquire about when dealing with a patient. They have some basic similarities and differences in terms of ease of use. The similarities in ease of use have to do with the fact that both assessment tools are based on the same foundation: a pneumonic device intended to remind a health care provider what questions they may want to ask a patient. ... ts a relatively high ease of use, as any information gathered will be of some use to the health care provider and there is no need for an exhaustive questionnaire that could be both awkward and not apply to everyone, causing issues of oppression and exclusivity as well as not giving accurate information. The overall ease of use of both assessment tools is rather high. Though the main structure of both assessment tools is relatively similar, and their overall ease of use is relatively high, there are some major differences between the two tests. One of the most noticeable differences is utility of the pneumonic device. The whole purpose of a pneumonic device is to aid in remembering the steps to use, but the HOPE acronym tends to not necessarily connect to the idea in the best possible manner. The â€Å"H† for instance, can stand for hope, but the health care provider will also need to consider sources of meaning, comfort, strength, peace, love and connection (Anandarajah, 2001 ). Furthermore, P stands for the P in â€Å"personal spirituality† or â€Å"practices,† so is not necessarily connected to the most important word (spirituality) and the E stands for â€Å"effects of medical care† and â€Å"end of life issues,† again, not necessarily connecting the most accessible idea (Anandarajah, 2001). HOPE sacrifices a good deal of its memory-assistance to have a good pneumonic device. FICA takes the opposite approach. While HOPE is a pneumonic device that is obviously and integrally related to the idea of spirituality and healing, but whose individual letters do not necessarily fit with the ideas and concepts as well, FICA is a nonsense word with no connection to spirituality and healing, but has individual letters that fit very well with the ideas and concepts. In FICA, the F

Write a 700-800 word advocacy statement (integrating literature) for Essay

Write a 700-800 word advocacy statement (integrating literature) for the arts ( advocate for the four arts disciplines )in early childhood education - Essay Example Wright (2012) advocates teachers to â€Å"raise public consciousness by clearly and passionately articulating the unique and highly important role that the arts play in perception and cognition, and why this is significant for the education of children and the future of society† (p. 202). In recognition of this, the arts should be given more significance in preschools and early childhood centres because of the benefits children can derive from it. The arts should not only be used as ‘fillers’ after the main academic components of the curriculum have been completed, but it merits its own schedule specifically for children to indulge in it. Epstein (2001) echoes that inclusion of art in the early childhood curriculum would enhance other areas of children’s development, specifically in perception, cognition, fine motor skills, language and social interaction. Activities such as drawing, painting, moulding with clay are very rewarding for them. Wright (2012) contends that children can easily manipulate markers, pencils, crayons, etc. With these, they can easily explain things with precision and detail. Since they may not be adept in writing yet, drawing becomes a way to concretize their thoughts on paper. McArdle (2008) explains that in this way, art can serve as a window to the child because what one sees in his art work may be a reflection of his ideas or feelings. Children delight in musical experiences. With music, they engage in listening, moving, singing and playing/creating (Haines & Gerber, 2000; Wright, 2012; Ministry of Education, 1993). They are easily captivated by musical sounds and sometimes allow their bodies to feel the rhythm and they just move to the beat. It does not take special skills and competencies to enjoy music, and everyone, regardless of ability can participate in music experiences, as they are stimulating to the senses,

The Rise of the Papacy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Rise of the Papacy - Research Paper Example Conquerors took over Roman Empire territories, which weakened the stronghold of Julius Caesar and Augustus for example, Odoacer took over Italy, German invaders ruled western provinces. Roman Empire fell after splitting into two parts; Western and Eastern empires ruled by separate Emperors1. This gave room for moral decadence, financial troubles, corruption, and weakening of military power. These factors provided a loop way for barbaric hordes to attack and seize the empire. Papacy power rose after the fall of Roman Empire led by the Bishop of Rome. Uprising of church supremacy was started way back in 6th century; Bishops of Rome were among the most acknowledged and idolized popes of the world. Catholic Church created their own institutions of power known as Papacy, which administered that citizens are being given their due rights by the government. Christendom provided a tranquil environment for Papacy to manifest over a long period of time. Roman Catholic Church is strongly identif ied with St. Paul and Peter who were disciples and messengers of God. This pressurized Roman emperor Constantine to legalize Christianity as the national religion. Popes were at first regarded as advisors in matters pertaining to the empire, later on, Bishops gained superiority and became judges on Ecclesiastical disputes within the empire which prompted its attainment of new powers. Creation of churches across the Empire was done by Western missionaries who led to the spread of communion churches throughout the Empire. During Diocletian’s reign, Christianity was not allowed to be practiced in Roman Empire and they were being persecuted .This practice continued for decades until Emperor Constantine tolerated Christianity and gave them freedom of operation in the country.1 Pope accessed large area to establish his rule.Conversely,the church spread out to non-western Empire individuals who got a direct channel to oversee the operations of the Emperor. Furthermore, Pope was best owed the universal powers over the church and no one had a right to limit him from exercising these powers. Apart from caring for souls, Bishops were involved in decision making, advice, and policy analysis within the empire. Papacy supremacy dates back to the holy bible where God gave Peter blessings to rule the earth. During the first three centuries of the reign of Christianity, church was involved in series of activities for instance; they acted as rulers within the Christendom, and resolved conflicts. Powers of Bishops increased to extent they ran the church parallel to the political systems. They could make their own policies and constitution without help from the politicians .Christians in the whole world complained about the powers and privileges Popes in Rome were commanding in the offices. This papal rule was not attained with ease; it was through numerous struggles between the holy and The Empire At Large. Every pope who was appointed must tussle to ensure that their posi tion in the Empire was never tainted by the political leaders for example, Saint Gelasius I who headed the church from 492 until 496 struggled with Anastasius emperor to liberate the church from oppression. To maintain its supremacy, Papacy extended its rule to the West in 6th to 8th Century in order to escape

Biology 101 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biology 101 - Essay Example ine that the oxygen in CO2 indeed comes from sugar, and not from oxygen gas, cells (e.g bacterial or yeast cells ) that are actively respiring can be given sugar substrate which has been synthesized with the oxygen isotope 18O. The cells are exposed to regular oxygen which carries the commonly occurring 16O isotope. After some time, gases are to be collected from the headspace and subjected to mass spectrometric analysis which can separate the CO2 based on their molecular weights. If the oxygen in the carbon dioxide came from the sugar, it will be present in higher concentration at a higher molecular weight (because the labeled 18O will have heavier mass). If the oxygen came from the air, then the reverse would be true. 2. A food manufacturer is advertising a new cake mix as fat-free. Scientists at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are testing the product to see if it truly lacks fat. Hydrolysis of the cake mix yields glucose, fructose, glycerol, a number of amino acids, and several kinds of molecules with long hydrocarbon chains. Further analysis shows that most of the hydrocarbon chains have a carboxyl group at one end. What would you tell the food manufacturer if you were the spokesperson for the FDA? If I were the spokesperson of the FDA, I would tell the food manufacturer that his claim of a fat-free mix is downright false. Fats and oils are made up of fatty acids that are anchored on a glycerol backbone. Glycerol is a three-carbon compound with 3 carboxylic groups, each can form an ester bond with a fatty acid. For this reason, fats are also called triacylglycerols. Hydrolysis of fats and oils will yield glycerol and three free fatty acids. The free fatty acids are long-chain hydrocarbon compounds (most common fats have 16-18 carbon atoms) with a carboxyl group (-COO) at one end. Further analysis will even show if these fatty acids are either saturated or unsaturated with hydrogen atoms. 3. Imagine that you are a pediatrician and one of your

Micro Economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Micro Economic - Essay Example The giant company then dominates the market. The author refers to a monopoly that arises from economies of scale as a natural monopoly (Mukherjee 333). If the average cost goes down over the whole range of demand, then one seller can offer the product at a lower cost per unit, and more effectively than multiple suppliers. The market may start with numerous sellers, but naturally ends up with one seller that can take advantage in the best way to decrease the average cost. Public utilities such as natural gas sellers, electricity distributers, and garbage collectors have natural monopoly inclinations. A market that experiences decrease in average costs is likely to lead to a natural monopoly. Monopoly may come up because of artificial legal barriers to new firms’ entrance to an industry. The law provides that no other organization can offer this service (Mukherjee 335). For instance, the law in India does not permit any other firm to supply Indian currency except the Reserve Bank. Government policies can be in different forms, though they all aim at limiting what a business can do, where particular products or prices become mandatory while others are illegalized. The ideal form of regulating monopoly may involve forcing a business to set equal prices to its marginal costs. Prohibitions may include anti-competitive agreements and referrals to the completion commission in which an agreement can be reached to correct the offending area of dispute. A company may dominate the market of a product if it totally controls the supply of raw materials. If it is a sole owner of the raw materials, it can keep new competitors out of the industry (Sandhu and Jain 308). A commodity of the same value can therefore not be manufactured to compete in the market. This will mean that the owner can utilize it to enjoy full power of monopoly. A patent may give an exclusive right to the patent holder to produce a given

Biology 101 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biology 101 - Essay Example ine that the oxygen in CO2 indeed comes from sugar, and not from oxygen gas, cells (e.g bacterial or yeast cells ) that are actively respiring can be given sugar substrate which has been synthesized with the oxygen isotope 18O. The cells are exposed to regular oxygen which carries the commonly occurring 16O isotope. After some time, gases are to be collected from the headspace and subjected to mass spectrometric analysis which can separate the CO2 based on their molecular weights. If the oxygen in the carbon dioxide came from the sugar, it will be present in higher concentration at a higher molecular weight (because the labeled 18O will have heavier mass). If the oxygen came from the air, then the reverse would be true. 2. A food manufacturer is advertising a new cake mix as fat-free. Scientists at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are testing the product to see if it truly lacks fat. Hydrolysis of the cake mix yields glucose, fructose, glycerol, a number of amino acids, and several kinds of molecules with long hydrocarbon chains. Further analysis shows that most of the hydrocarbon chains have a carboxyl group at one end. What would you tell the food manufacturer if you were the spokesperson for the FDA? If I were the spokesperson of the FDA, I would tell the food manufacturer that his claim of a fat-free mix is downright false. Fats and oils are made up of fatty acids that are anchored on a glycerol backbone. Glycerol is a three-carbon compound with 3 carboxylic groups, each can form an ester bond with a fatty acid. For this reason, fats are also called triacylglycerols. Hydrolysis of fats and oils will yield glycerol and three free fatty acids. The free fatty acids are long-chain hydrocarbon compounds (most common fats have 16-18 carbon atoms) with a carboxyl group (-COO) at one end. Further analysis will even show if these fatty acids are either saturated or unsaturated with hydrogen atoms. 3. Imagine that you are a pediatrician and one of your

Perspectives on Adult Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Perspectives on Adult Learning - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that  race and ethnicity were largely ignored in most of the literature despite its increasing significance during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. On the contrary the racial and ethnic minorities continued to be largely ignored through laws that essentially aimed at desecration of public schools as well as other public institutions that offered adult education. Historically education in the North American and European states have focused on offering education and developing learning modules with key emphasis on the majority adult learners that comprised of white population, while ignoring the other races. Such blatant discrimination and colorblind attitude toward adult education and learning has been deeply embedded in the social structure of the Western world.This discussion declares that  the adult learning modules began incorporating crucial issues aimed at the growing multicultural population thus indicating its acceptance and ackno wledgment of the growing diversity and the need for inclusive education. Since the concept of multiculturalism entailed and presupposed the domination of one particular race, in case of the Western world - the majority White population; the key aim of the post globalization adult education system was to include the beliefs, perspectives and cultural context of the racial minorities and ethnically diverse population.

Implementing Talent Development Strategies Essay Example for Free

Implementing Talent Development Strategies Essay The organizations that are running the talent development programs may soon begin to find the high quality people who can be able to lead and to motivate others in order to achieve the highest levels of performance and productivity in the organization. This means that identifying the organizational education culture for the organization, people and top performers of the organization will revolve around some factors that lead to the development of an all round business professional. (Davis and Cutt, 1988). These include strategizing market and product or the services, instilling the manufacturing know how to the people, educating people on the distribution channels, financing strategies among others. Educational issues cover many issues such as cash and expense flow, position of the firm’s cash flow. The people undergoing the talent development will require getting instructions from skilled staff members to make solid decisions and to understand the technical issues that are involved. Education programs will include development of self awareness knowledge, effective problem solving and having good interpersonal communication. (Davis and Cutt, 1988). Training In the organizations if internal training programs are necessary for talent development, they should therefore be updated regularly. The management should also review these programs to see that they are up to date. Again, working in the training program should be a temporary move by employees who are in need of improving their career skills by sharpening their technical as well as presentation skills. (Davis and Cutt, 1988). An organization that is implementing the talent implementation program is likely to receive problems and resistance. This is because young employees are often faced with many problems sometimes that may come immediately after they begin their careers. (Davis and Cutt, 1988). The first problem which involves being offered jobs that they are not trained in. secondly, the firm may face the problem of too much experience which is caused by narrowing down of the career. In addition, the organization may face the problem of using techniques of talent development in order to protect ones career especially towards the person’s retirement. The above problems show that the development of new talents will stop if the firm fails to give appropriate conditions. This may be achieved through employee training. (Davis and Cutt, 1988). An OPD professional might help implement the strategies as well as address or resolve any problems or issues in the implementation of the talent program by making it clear to the organization the organizational requirements to maintain an organization’s competitive edge and to ensure the survival of the organization. The professional may provide means of developing the organizations effectiveness. The professi9onal is required to understand the strategic goals of the organization and to translate this in to the day to day running of the organizational processes. (Davis and Cutt, 1988).

The Work Of Ruth Benedict

The Work Of Ruth Benedict Ruth Benedicts studies on moral relativism produced intriguing information regarding cultures, how they behave, and how customs are essential in determining an individuals perception of right and wrong. Among her most notable works is the book Patterns of Culture, which provides readers with a thorough explanation of the diversity put across by various cultures and of how it is wrong to judge one relating to principles that are not present in his or her culture. Speaking about Dobu Islanders and Kwakiutls Benedict proves that the people in these two groups should not be condemned because of the way they perceive life. The main point stressed by Benedict is that morals are not the same for every culture and that one cannot consider that all people have the same outlook on notions like right and wrong. Not only were Dobu Islanders considered by white people to be abnormally savage for the territories they inhabited, but they were also harshly criticized by the tribes neighboring them, which were to some extent equally unsophisticated. In point of fact, during the early twentieth century white people recognized Dobu Islanders primarily for their poverty and because they were willing to work for low wages. In contrast to white people, the communities neighboring the Dobuans feared them because of their extreme way of living, which sometimes involved performing acts of cannibalism (Benedict 131). The Dobuans amply deserve the character they are given by their neighbors. They are lawless and treacherous (Benedict 131). Surely, this is most people would think when seeing things from what they perceive as being a general point of view, one that strictly distinguishes between concepts like right and wrong. Benedict however goes on to relate to moral relativism and to how the general public is wrong in believing that they can be impartial in defining principles relating to right and wrong. These two concepts are actually very subjective, since almost every culture perceives them differently. Dobuans are different from the rest of the world because of a series of reason, most of them being rather normal for the general public. Curiously, the Dobu society functions unlike other communities, given that it does not respect an exact hierarchy and does not follow any rules other than those involving treachery and hostility. The general rule applied in the Dobu community is that referring to how every mans hand is against every other man (Bendict 131). Still, as Benedict describes, Dobuans manage to get through the day without producing chaos and anarchy is among the last concepts that should be related to this culture (Benedict 131). In spite of the fact that Dobuans respect little to no rules that are highly praised in the so-called civilized world, they are nonetheless certain that what they do is perfectly right. In addition to living in an apparent state of lawlessness, Dobuans have rules that are based on aggression and that thoroughly relate to what is and what is not permitted when concerning unfriendliness. The Dobu Islanders believe that it is perfectly natural if they perform acts of betrayal and violence as long as they do so in what they perceive as being an organized environment. The very union that unites most communities that of marriage between individual coming from two enemy groups is not considered by Dobuans to bring any change in their lives, as they continue to hate each-other as they did before. Witchcraft is an essential element in Dobuan culture, since it is the reason for which most individuals perform a particular mission. With the intervention of white individuals, more and more Dobuans have expressed their desire to escape their community in exchange of what the general public sees as being hard labor. This desire to work in inhumane conditions for low wages is the result of the work they would otherwise be forced to do in their own villages. The Dobuan community sees nothing wrong with the fact that a man who was caught overnight in the residence of a woman should be forced to work for the womans father and for his own family for a year, until he is considered free to join the community as a member with full rights. Eating together is yet a nother example that assists the couple uniting under the ceremony of marriage. Although most of the Western World would be inclined to believe that there is nothing abnormal about the fact that Dobuans organize marriages in accordance to the general way in which a wedding takes place, matters are actually different. Indeed, Dobuans allow husbands and wives to stay together under the same roof and to provide food for their children. However, because mothers and motherline in general are especially important for Dobuans, couples are required to reside alternately in the grooms tribe and in the brides tribe for one year at a time, resolving the predicament easily but beyond the understanding of most of the civilized world (Bendict 139). Dobuans typically believe that one can only achieve success through cheating others into giving him what is rightfully theirs. The Dobuan culture provides individuals with complex information relating to how they can perform acts of treachery. Dobuans thus consider morality to relate only to their conception of society and to concepts such as right and wrong. The general public already has an understanding of right and wrong and considers Dobuans to act immorally, even with the fact that Dobu Islanders are merely doing what they were taught to do and are respecting the values imposed on them by their community (Bendict 142). Bendicts view on moral relativism relates to cultural relativism, since it involves the theory that an individuals behavior and convictions should be analyzed from the standpoint of the respective individuals culture. Morality is essentially relative and even with the fact that Western philosophers have produced complex theories related to ethical behavior, the information they generated is mostly useful, since it can only be applied to a limited number of cultures and even in these cultures the concepts of right and wrong can be considered to be unbalanced. To some extent, the presently extinct Kwakiutl population that once resided on the northwest coast of the American continent is similar to the Dobu Islanders. They too praised the supernatural and went through great efforts to attain it, even resorting to committing acts of cannibalism. Violence was a foremost element in the lives of Kwakiutls, as they did not hesitate to use aggression every time they had the opportunity to do so. Acts of aggression were actually part of ceremonies related to the communitys economy and the fighting abilities it possessed. It was essential for one to demonstrate his or her superiority in front of their opponents through making use of violence. According to Benedict, the object of all Kwakiutl enterprise was to show oneself superior to ones rivals (Bendict 190). In spite of their anomalous behavior, Kwakiutls simply did what their society taught them. Performing mostly every act that was not in accordance to their instinct provided Kwakiutls with enlightenment and they were determined to use every means possible with the purpose of reaching this state (Benedict 79). The concepts promoted by the Kwakiutl society are extremely unclear and complex, given that Kwakiutls were extremely devoted to serving their purpose and did not hesitate to perform inexplicable acts that they saw as being right. Not only were the Kwakiutls certain that they had to perform abnormal acts in order to become one with the supernatural, but they believed that these nonstandard performances were by and large obligatory to be associated to pain and torment. The most explanatory paragraph in Benedicts book relating to how Kwakiutls were certain that violence was the answer to virtually everything is the one speaking about the fact that these individuals believed that all of their gods were evil, since they could not comprehend a god that performs good deeds. They did not suppose that supernatural beings were beneficent. They knew that hurricanes and avalanches were not, and they attributed to the Gods the characteristics of the natural world (Benedict 221). It would be unlik ely for a Kwakiutl to be influenced in believing that the divine can also put across kindness, given that one cannot explain how gods can be good and produce hurricanes and avalanches for no actual reason at the same time. As demonstrated by Benedict in her description of the Dobuan and Kwakiutl cultures, it is illogical to attempt to determine if a particular act is right or wrong, considering that it can be understood as good from the standpoint of a particular culture whereas another can perceive it as being totally immoral. Just as each individual from a community can express subjective convictions regarding a topic in particular, a community as a whole can put across subjective ideas regarding what qualifies as being acceptable and what can be identified as being intolerable.

Role Model Paper on My Mother -- essays research papers

Role Model Paper on My Mother A role model is someone who you can relate with. It is someone who will be hopefully you learn from and in turn they learn from you. My role model is my mother. She had to go through a summer of hell and this is what happened to her and what I learned to. God gives you certain situations and you have to run with it. I did not want big responsibilities. I figured, â€Å" Why should I worry about them, until I have to.† My way of thinking was selfish. I have always been a little selfish, but caring at the same time. I didn’t have that many real responsibilities. I had your typical chores. I had to do well in school, make sure my room was clean and try not to get in trouble. In my mind, I did not want to grow up until it was necessary. Growing up came all too quickly. In the beginning of May 2001, my mother was diagnosed with rectal and colon cancer. She developed cancer because she had ulcerative colitis since she was in her late twenties. It was always a thought, by many, that if the colitis got out of hand it could result in cancer. This thought never really crossed my mind. I remember the day I found out that my mother had cancer. I came home from school and was eager to get changed and drive over to my girlfriend’s house. I walked into the house and my father was standing at the kitchen counter and my mother was sitting on a chair crying. My father told me to sit down. He explained that my mother had been diagnosed with cancer and that...

Potbelly’s Case Essay

1. Potbelly’s strategy in terms of product and market are to provide great food and a friendly atmosphere. As far as their product goes even their CEO Keil says that anybody can make and sell a sandwich. What strategy they use is by using quality ingredients and a superior value. Their strategy towards the market is to provide a fun, unique experience to their customers. Their previous attempts as far as product goes was to sell antiques along with their sandwich shop, kind of the same approach as a cracker barrel. It seems the sandwiches become a more important part of their revenue. The antiques became more of decoration then sale items. The past market was very small just having one sandwich shop owned by a couple. With the purchase of the shop they quickly started a chain of restaurants and have opened a lot of locations just recently. 2. Potbelly’s position strategy seems to have been starting small in one area while making a name for itself. In its first five years all the locations opened were in Chicago, Illinois. After they had built a reputation they moved into Washington D.C. This seems to be an attempt to stay in major cities to increase their reputation. The nation’s capital is one of the many major travel destinations for work. This way the businessmen of Chicago can get the sandwiches they love even away from home. The next year instead of branching out to the other major business travel cities, for example, New York, Atlanta, Dallas, and Los Angeles, Potbelly took the approach that many other chains take. There central location was Chicago, Illinois; from there they spread into neighboring states, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. Like mentioned earlier most chains take this approach until they are nationwide. A lot of grocery stores northerners are familiar with will not be found as the y head further south just as southerners will not find the same stores they are used to shopping at when they head north. The next year it opened locations in some of those same states and spread to Indiana as well as another major business travel destination, Texas. In the more recent years they have built more locations in the already occupied states while spreading to neighboring state Ohio. From this point they have made a good name for themselves and have over 100 locations; with the reputation the company has I am sure they will continue to spread their market. Their original locations are located in Northern Mid America, they did not start on one coast and try to spread to the other, this will help extremely with them being a nationwide chain and in the coming years will probably start seeing Potbelly’s as far east as New York, as far south as Georgia, and west into the mid-western states. 3. Potbelly’s environmental opportunities in the external environment would probably include their original location and how much easier it is to spread from the middle of the country rather than the corner or coastline of the United States. The threats Potbelly’s would face more importantly is the competition. There are many well established chains of sandwich shops in the United States including, Sub-way, Quiznos, Panera Bread, Jimmy John’s, and Schlotzsky’s Deli to name a few. When moving into a new market promotion is a key element as the market the company does not know the companies name and would rather go with what they know. Potbelly offers promotions and a great atmosphere that may be able to take some of these competitors business. Subway for example does not use quality ingredients, nor does it have any sort of friendly atmosphere for around the same price. It should be very easy for Potbelly’s to take business away from them. For Potbelly’s to maintain its antique setup and friendly atmosphere they will require excellent management expanding into these new markets. I do not see any reason for Potbelly’s to change their strategy at this time. Changing the way they do business, either the looks of the restaurants or the friendly workers would take away from why people will choose them in the first place over their already known sandwich shops.

Mutations Essy

If these genes mutate, then one is considered as having a hereditary risk of breast and ovarian cancer. The BRCAI and BRCA2 mutation means that a woman has an increased risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer before menopause. Sometimes close family members were diagnosed with cancer at an early age also. These harmful mutations also increase the risk of cervical, colon, uterine. stomach, melanoma and gallbladder cancer. There are no standard criteria for who should be tested for the BRCA gene mutation, but if you have family members who have had cancer, It is a deflnlte clue.If any of these family members were young; before menopause, it is a good idea to think about being testing for the ene. It would be a very good idea to ask the family member to test for the BRCA mutation, so that the rest of the family members would know ahead of time also. According the National Cancer Institute, the risk of having the mutation is higher if you are of Ashkenazlc Jewish descent. If this Is the cas e, pay attenuon to If a parent or sibling has been diagnosed with cancer.Also, find out if any grandparents, half- siblings, nieces or nephews had cancer. Pay special attention to relatives that are male, and whether the relative had cancer in both breasts (bilateral breast cancer,) nd a combination of two or more first or second degree relatives diagnosed with ovarian cancer, no matter what their age was when diagnosed. If you have been diagnosed with the BRCAI or BRCA2 gene mutation, you are really in need of support from family and friends.Some people turn to the national advocacy group called Bright Pink. This organization is specifically geared to young women at high risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Many young women are relieved to find out that they are not the only one suffering alone. Having a list of Advocacy groups is lifesaving because once you know; you understand what you must do. The protocol for women with the BRCA mutations is to do nothing until the age of 25 and after that begin a screening regimen between mammograms, ultrasound and a MRI every six months.At age 35 a woman is advised to consider a double mastectomy followed by a complete oophorectomy (removal of one or both ovaries) at age 40. The solution to the BRCAI and BRCA2 gene mutations is hard to do, but you can still live your life after having a mastectomy and an oophorectomy. Most women are done bearing and nursing their children by the time they are in their mid-30's. Mothers then want to be round to raise their children, they want to be around to see their grandchildren born and they want to live their life with their mate.

Mughal Emperor Akbar

Muhammad Akbar was born at Aurangabad in the Deccan to Dilras Banu Begum, Aurangzeb's first wife and chief consort. She was a member of the Safavid dynasty and was the daughter of Mirza Shahnawaz Khan, a minister at the mughal court. She died when Akbar was only one month old. For this reason, Akbar was brought up with special care and affection by his father. He was his father's favourite and most-loved son as Aurangzeb, himself, said in a letter to him, â€Å"God be my witness that I have loved you more than my other sons. † At the age of 15, Akbar was wed to a granddaughter of his paternal uncle, Dara Shikoh, who had been killed at Aurangzeb's behest. Salima begum was the daughter of Sulaiman Shikoh, eldest son of Dara Shikoh. Later, Akbar also married a daughter of an Assamese nobleman. He was the father of two sons and two daughters, including Nikusiyar, who briefly became mughal emperor in 1719. Like other Mughal princes, Muhammad Akbar administered various provinces and fought minor campaigns under the guidance of experienced officers. His first independent command was during Aurangzeb’s war of the Jodhpur succession. The Rajput War[edit] Jaswant Singh, who was Maharaja of Jodhpur, was also a high-ranking Mughal officer. He died at his post on the Khyber Pass on 10 December 1678. He died without leaving male issue, but two of his wives were pregnant at the time of his death. The succession was thus unclear. When the news of the death reached Aurangzeb, he immediately dispatched a large army (9 January 1679) to occupy the state of Jodhpur. One of the division of this army was commanded by Akbar. Aurangzeb occupied Jodhpur ostensibly to secure the succession for any male infant born to Jaswant's pregnant widows. He declared that such rightful heir would be invested with his patrimony upon coming of age. However, relations between Jaswant and Aurangzeb had not been very happy, and it was feared that Aurangzeb, a notorious bigot, would annex the state for good on this pretext. Indeed, incumbent officers in Jodhpur state were replaced by mughal officers. Many temples in Jodhpur were broken and the idols were carried to Delhi, where they were placed at the entrance of the Jama Masjid so that they could be trampled underfoot and defiled by the Muslims. After thus effectively annexing the largest Hindu state in northern India, Aurangzeb reimposed the jaziya tax on the non-Muslim population (2 April 1679), almost a century after it had been abolished by his tolerant ancestor Akbar I. All this made the emperor extremely unpopular among the Rajputs. One of Jaswant's pregnant wives was duly delivered of a son, who was named Ajit Singh. Officers loyal to Jaswant brought his family back to Jodhpur and rallied the clan to the standards of the infant. The Rajputs of Jodhpur (Rathore clan) forged an alliance with the neighboring Rajput state of Mewar (Sisodia clan). Maharana Raj Singh of Mewar withdrew his army to the western portion of his kingdom, marked by the rugged Aravalli hills and secured by numerous hill-forts. From this position, the smaller but faster Rajput cavalry units could surprise the Mughal outposts in the plains, loot their supply trains, and bypass their camps to ravage neighbouring Mughal provinces. In the second half of 1680, after several months of such setbacks, Aurangzeb decided on an all-out offensive. Nicolao Manucci, an Italian gunner in the Mughal army, says: â€Å"for this campaign, Aurangzeb put in pledge the whole of his kingdom. Three separate armies, under Aurangzeb's sons Akbar, Azam and Muazzam, penetrated the Aravalli hills from different directions. However, their artillery lost its effectiveness while being dragged around the rugged hills and both Azam and Muazzam were defeated by the Rajputs and beaten back. Akbar’s rebellion[edit] Akbar and his general Tahawwur Khan had been instructed to try to b ribe the Rajput nobles to the Mughal side, but in these attempts, they themselves were ensnared by the Rajputs. The Rajputs incited Akbar to rebel against his father and offered all support. They pointed out to him that Aurangzeb’s attempt to annex the Rajput states was disturbing the stability of India. They also reminded him that the open bigotry displayed by Aurangzeb in reimposing jaziya and demolishing temples was contrary to the wise policies of his ancestors. Prince Akbar lent a willing ear to the Rajputs and promised to restore the policies of the illustrious Akbar. On 1 January 1681, Akbar declared himself Emperor, issued a manifesto deposing his father, and marched towards Ajmer to fight him. As the commander of a Mughal division, Akbar had a force of 12,000 cavalry with supporting infantry and artillery. To this, the Maharana of Mewar added 6,000 Rajput cavalry, being half his own army. As this combined army crossed Jodhpur state, numerous war-bands of Rathores joined up and increased its strength to 25,000 cavalry. Meanwhile, various Mughal divisions deployed around the Aravalli hills had been racing to come to Aurangzeb’s aid. Aurangzeb however resorted to threats and treachery: he sent a letter to Tahawwur Khan promising to pardon him but also threatening to have his family publicly dishonored by camp ruffians if he refused to submit. The Mughal noble secretly came over to meet his master but was killed in a scuffle at the entrance to Aurangzeb’s tent. The crafty Mughal Emperor then wrote a false letter to Akbar and arranged it such that the letter was intercepted by the Rajputs. In this letter, Aurangzeb congratulated his son for finally bringing the Rajput guerillas out in the open where they could be crushed by father and son together. The Rajput commanders suspected this letter to be false but took it to Akbar’s camp for an explanation. Here they discovered that Tahawwur Khan had disappeared. Suspecting the worst, the Rajputs departed in the middle of the night. The next morning, Akbar woke to find his chief adviser and his allies gone and his own soldiers deserting by the hour to Aurangzeb. The would-be emperor escaped the prospect of war with his father by hastily departing the camp with a few close followers. He caught up with the Rajputs commanders and mutual explanations followed. Aftermath[edit] Seeing that Akbar had attempted no treachery and that he could be useful, the Rathore leader Durgadas took Akbar to the court of the Maratha king Sambhaji, seeking support for the project of placing him on the throne of Delhi. For fully five years, Akbar stayed with Sambhaji, hoping that the latter would lend him men and money to strike and seize the Mughal throne for himself. But at that time, Sambhaji was engaged in uncovering the conspiracy against him. After which, he was engrossed in wars against Siddhis of Janjira, Chikka Dev Rai of Mysore, Portuguese of Goa and Aurangzeb. In September 1686, Sambhaji sent Akbar to Persia. In Persia, Akbar was said to pray daily for the speedy death of his father, which alone would give him another chance to wrest the Mughal throne for himself. On hearing of this, Aurangzeb is said to have remarked, â€Å"Let us see who dies first. He or I! † As it turned out, Akbar died in 1704, three years before his father’s demise. He died at the town of Mashhad in Persia. Two of Akbar's children were brought up by the Rajputs, until as a result of peace negotiations, they were handed over to the old emperor. Akbar's daughter Safiyat-un-nissa was sent to her grandfather in 1696 and his son Buland Akhtar was returned in 1698. The latter, when presented in court, shocked his grandfather and nobles by speaking fluently in the Rajasthani language. Legacy[edit] In the words of Jadunath Sarkar: â€Å"The rebellion of Prince Akbar, though it was fostered by the Rajputs and originated, grew to fullness, and expired in Northern India, changed the history of the Deccan and hastened the fate of the Mughal Empire as well. His flight to Shambhuji raised a danger to the throne of Delhi which could be met only by Aurangzib’s personal appearance in the south. But for this alliance, the Emperor would have left Bijapur and Golconda to be occasionally threatened and fleeced by his generals, while the Maratha king would have been tolerated as a necessary evil and even as a thorn in the side of Bijapur. But Akbar’s flight to the Deccan forced a complete change on the imperial policy in that quarter. The first task of Aurangzeb now was to crush the power of Shambhuji and render Akbar impotent for mischief. For this he patched up a peace with the Maharana (June 1681) and left for the Deccan to direct the operations of his army. † Notes[edit] ^ According to Tarikh-i-Muhammadi, his death of death is 31 March 1706 (Irvine, William (1922) Later Mughals, Volume I, Jadunath Sarkar ed. , Calcutta: M. C. Sarkar & Sons, p. 1) ^ Sir Jadunath Sarkar (1919). Studies in Mughal India. W. Heffer and Sons.

Philosophy - Introduction to Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophy - Introduction to Ethics - Essay Example her in prison for six years, the system hopes that it will teach a future generation that just because you commit a crime and then become a fugitive for twenty-three years, you still do not escape justice. This is a utilitarian view. On the other hand, the retributivist view is the one I favor. Susan Ann Power did not need to be locked up to prevent her from committing future crimes. She had become a law abiding citizen for twenty-three years. This still did not change the crimes she had helped commit. Most state and federal laws, certainly the ones where Powers and her accomplices committed their crimes, state accomplices are just as guilty as the actual participants. Under these laws, Powers and Saxe could have received life sentences for the death of the Boston police officer. The least that Powers could serve was six years for the participation in a man’s murder. While she was on the run, having a sun, getting married, and being a good citizen, this officer’s family was suffering from his death. Everyone who participated in this crime needed to pay for the price of this man’s life, not just the one who shot him. Susan Ann Power received a balanced sentence of eight to twelve years. She proved that she would not continue in criminal activity. Power proved that she could become a law abiding citizen. Although she deserved to pay for her crime, her up standing life should have been taken into account as well. People labeled Bentham’s theory of the good life as â€Å"the pig philosophy†, because Bentham’s felt there were only two true mediums; pleasure and pain. He felt that the good is whatever brings the greatest happiness. Although at first his theory was good is whatever brings the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people, he soon saw how the two parts contradicted each other. After that, Bentham only went with the greatest happiness theory. Bentham’s theory was considered â€Å"the pig philosophy†, because what can give